Structure

Part One
Telling the Date and Time

A. Telling the Date

1. Say the year in pairs. Look at these examples!

1908 19.....08 nineteen oh-eight
1945 19.....45 nineteen ninety-five
2007 2000...7 two thousand and seven

2. When were they born? Fill in the year and say! You can change the pronoun.
Year Say
My wife
My first child
My second child
.....
My father
My mother
.....

3. Use ordinal numbers for dates. Practice saying these.
1st the first 16th the sixteenth 2nd the second 17th the seventeenth
3rd the third 18th the eightteenth 4th the fourth 19th the ninteenth
5th the fifth 20th twentieth
6th the sixth 21st the twenty-first 7th the seventh 22nd the twenty-second 8th the eighth 23rd the twenty-third 9th the ninth 24th the twenty fourth 10th the tenth 25th the twenty-fifth 11th the eleventh 26th the twenty-sixth
12th the twelfth 27th the twenty-seventh
13th the thirteenth 28th the twenty-eighth
14th the fourteenth 29th the twenty-ninth
15th the fifteenth 30th the thirtieth
31st the thirty-first


4. Look at this calendar. Say the dates.

JUNE 2007
Sun Mon Tue Wed Thr Fri Sat
27 28 29 30 31 1 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
17 18 19 20 21 22 23
24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 1 2 3 4 5 6

British (GB): Write: 9th June 2007 or dd/mm/yy (09/06/07)
Say : the ninth of June, two thousand and seven
or June the ninth, two thousand and seven

American (US): Write: June 9, 2007 or mm/dd/yy (06/09/07)
Say : June ninth, two thousand and seven

5. Write these dates!
a. 1. GB The eighth of June, nineteen ninety-four
b. 2. US September sixteenth, nineteen oh-two
c. 3. GB The eleventh of October, two thousand and three
d. 4. US July thirty-first, ninteen ninty-nine
e. 5. GB ............................................... 6/8/91
f. 6. US ............................................... 6/8/91
g. 7. GB ............................................... 20/10/07
h. 8. US ............................................... 12/14/96

B. Telling the Time

There are two ways to mention the time:
1. The Digital System – It’s ten forty-five
Look at these examples. Listen and repeat after the teacher’s.
a. 6.30 in the morning
b. 2.45 in the afternoon
c. 7.00 in the evening
d. 11.20 at night

When looking at a timetable, the 24 hour digital system is used:
e. 13.05 = thirteen oh-five
f. 19.55 = nineteen fifty-five
g. 21.10 = twenty-one ten

* am (ante meridien) is before 12 midday (12.00)
* pm (poste meridien) is from midday until midnight (00.00)

2. The Classical System – It’s a quarter to eleven

It’s 8 o’clock It’s half past 8 It’s a quarter past 8 It’s a quarter to 8

It’s 5 past 8 It’s 10 past 8 It’s 20 past 8 It’s 25 past 8

It’s 5 to 4 It’s 10 to 4 It’s 20 to 4 It’s 25 to 4

The questions: What’s the time?
What time is it?
What time do you make it? (if your watch / clock has stopped)
3. Exercise
a. Change to classical time!
1. 12.05 ................................................................
2. 14.25 .................................................................
3. 10.40 .................................................................
4. 20.55 .................................................................

b. Change to digital time!
1. a quarter to nine the morning ..............
2. 10 past 10 in the morning ..............
3. 5 to 1 in the morning ..............
4. 25 past 11 at night .............


C. American English & British English
Secara umum kedua macam bahasa Inggris ini sangat mirip. Tidak banyak perbedaannya baik grammar maupun spelling-nya, dan yang agak berbeda adalah vocabulary dan idiom-nya. Bahasa Inggris modern sangat terpengaruh oleh bahasa Inggris Amerika, sehingga perbedaannya menjadi hilang. Pronunciation kadang-kadang sangat berbeda, tetapi kebanyakan para pengguna bahasa Inggris, baik American maupun British, dapat mengerti satu sama lain tanpa kesulitan yang berarti.
Berikut adalah beberapa perbedaan umum antara bahasa Inggris Amerika & British:



AMERICAN ENGLISH BRITISH ENGLISH
Grammar:
He just went home. He has just gone home.
Do you have a problem? Have you got a problem?
I’ve never really gotten to know her. I’ve never really got to know her.
(on the phone) Hello, is this Susan? Hello, is that Susan?
It’s important that he be told. It’s important that he should be told.
He looked at me real strange. He looked at me really strangely.
One should get to know his neighbors. One should got to know one’s neighbours.
He probably has arrived. He has probably arrived.


Vocabulary:
airplane aeroplane
Anyplace anywhere
Apartment flat
area code dialling code (phone)
attorney/lawyer barrister/solicitor
Busy engaged (phone)
cab/taxi taxi
call collect reverse the charges (phone)
Can tin
Candy sweets
cookie, cracker biscuits
Crazy mad
Diaper nappy
doctor’s office doctor’s surgery
dumb, fool stupid
Elevator lift
Eraser rubber, eraser,
fall, autumn autumn (season)
first floor, second floor, etc. ground floor, first floor, etc.
Flashlight torch
french fries chips
garbage, trash rubbish
Gasoline petrol
highway, freeway main road
Intersection crossroad
Mad crazy
Mail post
Mean nasty
movie, film film
one-way (ticket) single (ticket)
pants, trousers trousers
Pavement road surface
Pitcher jug
chips (potato) crisps
Railroad railway
Raise rise (in salary)
rest room public toilet
schedule, timetable timetable
Sidewalk pavement
stand in line queue
store, shop shop
Subway underground
Truck lorry
two weeks fortnight, two weeks
Vacation holiday(s)
Zee zed (the letter ‘z’)

Spelling:
Aluminum aluminium
Analyze analyse
Catalog catalogue
Center centre
Check cheque (issued by a bank)
Color colour
Defense defence
Honor honour
Jewelry jewellery
Labor labour
Pajamas pyjamas
Paralyze paralyse
practice, practise practise (verb)
Program programme
Realize realise, realize
Theater theatre
Tire tyre (on a wheel)
Pronunciation:
fast: /fæst/ , after: /æfter fast /fa:st/ , after /a:fter
home: /houm/, go: /gou/, open: /οupen/ home: /hαum/, go: /gαu/, open: /αupen/
duty: /’du:ti/ duty: /’dju:ti/
tune: /tu:n/ tune: /tju:n/
new: /nu:/ new: /nju:/



####Muhid####













Part Two
Nouns & Pronouns


A. Noun

Singular = one Plural = more than one
Add –s to make most nouns plural.
Singular Plural
a bird Two birds
one rose Five roses

Add –es to nouns ending in –sh, -ch, -ss, and –x to make plural nouns.
Singular Plural
one dish two dishes
one match five matches
one class ten classes
one box Three boxes

If a noun ends in –fe or -f, change the ending to –ves to make plural.
(Except: beliefs, chiefs, roofs, cuffs).

Singular Plural
one knife two knives
one shelf six shelves
a life many lives
one leaf nine leaves






If a noun ends in –o, sometimes changes the ending to –oes or –os to make plural.

Singular Plural
a tomato two tomatoes
one potato three potatoes
one hero three heroes
one zoo five zoos
one radio six radios
one studio eight studios
one zero two zeros/ zeroes
a volcano two volcanos/ volcanoes

Some nouns have irregular plural forms.

Singular Plural
a child two children
one foot three feet
a man/woman three men/women
one tooth five teeth
one mouse a hundred mice
one goose ten geese

Some plural nouns have same form as the singular form.

Singular Plural
an offspring two offspring
one species two species







Exercises: Write the plural form of the following nouns!

1. one child, three children. 11. a possibility, many ______.
2. one sandwich, two _______. 12. a wolf, three ________.
3. a wish, two _________. 13. one fish, two _______.
4. a mouse, several ________. 14. a tax, a lot of _______.
5. a flash, three _________. 15. one taxi, ten ________.
6. one category, two _________. 16. a belief, many _______.
7. an opinion, many _________. 17. a piano, many _______.
8. a thief, six _______. 18. one half, two ________.
9. one mosquito, hundreds ________. 19. one cassette, nine __________.
10. a butterfly, many _________. 20. a lady, two ______.


B. Personal Pronoun: Subject & Object

Subject Pronoun Object Pronoun
I Me
we Us
you You
she Her
he Him
it It
they Them

A pronoun refers to a noun. It is used in place of a noun.
A pronoun is used in the same ways as a noun: as a subject or as an object of a verb or preposition.
A pronoun can also refer to a noun phrase.

Example: Kate is married. She has two children.
Subject
Kate is my friend. I know her well.
Object
Mike has a new blue bicycle. He gives it to his son.
Noun phrase

Singular Pronouns: I, we, you, she, he, it, they.
Plural Pronouns: we, us, you, they, them.

Singular pronouns refer to singular nouns. Plural pronouns refer to plural nouns.
Example: Mike is in class. He is taking a test.
The students are in class. They are taking a test.
Kate and Tom are married. They have two children.

Exercises: Choose the right pronouns!
1. Ms. Ann is my teacher. She / her wants to talk to I / me.
2. Nick eats dinner with I / me.
3. Nick eats dinner with Betty and I / me.
4. Nick eats dinner with we / us.
5. Please take this food and give it / them to the dog.
6. Please take this food scraps and give it / them to the dog.
7. Ted invites I / me to go to the game with he / him.
8. Ted invites Adam and I / me to go to the game with he / him.
9. I want to get movie tickets. I must get it / them immediately. It / they is / are selling fast.
10. Alex and I / me are good friens.









####Muhid####








Part Three
Simple Present Tense

A. Usage
We use the Simple Present Tense to express events, situations, or activities that always, usually, habitually happen; they happen now, have happened in the past, and probably will happen in the future.
Examples:
a. It snows in Alaska.
b. I watch television every night.
c. She usually eats lunch at the canteen.
d. The sky is blue.

B. Forms of Simple Present

a) Affirmative/Statement
Structure: S – Verb I

I Work
You
We
They
He Works
She
It

b) Negative
Structure: S – do/does not - Verb I

I do not Work
You
We
They
He does not
She
It


c) Interrogative/Question
Structure: Do/Does – S - Verb I

Do I work ?
you
we
they
Does he
she
it

Exercise 1. Complete the following sentences using the word within bracket!

1. Baby usually (sleep) __sleeps___ for ten hours every night.
2. Ali (speak) _____ Arabic. He is an Arabian.
3. My teacher usually (stay, not) _____ still in front of the class.
4. Mary always (eat) _____ dinner with her family around six o’clock.
5. (Rain, it) ______ a lot in southern Lombok Island ?
6. He (drink) ____ a cup of coffee every morning before he (go) ___ to work.
7. Alice (take, not) _____ the bus to school every day. She usually (walk) _____.
8. I never (eat) breakfast every morning.
9. Mr. Wong (teach) Chinese in class every day.
10. (teach, not, Mr. Wong) Chinese in class every day?
11. Alex and Ann (like) _____ to play catch at the beach.
12. She (understand, not) this lesson.
13. I (need) _____ to call my parent today.
14. Alex always (see) _____ the announcement on the board after school.
















C. Short-Answer Question

Question Short Answer Long Answer
Does Bob like tea? Yes, he does. Yes, he likes tea.
No, he does not (doesn’t). No, he does not (doesn’t) like tea.
Do you like tea? Yes, I do. Yes, I like tea.
No, I do not (don’t). No, I do not (don’t) like tea.
Is Bob a student? Yes, he is. Yes, he is a student.
No, he is not (isn’t). No, he is not (isn’t) a student.
Are you a student? Yes, I am. Yes, I am (I’m) a student.
No, I am (I’m) not. No, I am (I’m) not a student.

Exercise 2. Complete the following dialogues using the word within bracket!

1. A: (Mary, have) Does Mary have a bicycle?
B: Yes, __she does__. She (have) __has__ a new bike.

2. A: (You, like) _______ orange juice?
B: No, _______. I (like) _____ ice tea.

3. A: (It, rain) _____ today?
B: No, ________. At least, I (think, not) _________ so.

4. A: (Your friends, write) _______ many letters?
B: Yes, _______. I (get) _____ many letters all the time.

5. A: (The students, take) _______ a quiz every week?
B: No, _______. They (do) _______ a home work every week.

6. A: (You, know) _______ Alex?
B: No, _______. I have never met him.

7. A: (Your desk, have) ________ any drawers?
B: Yes, _______. It (have) ________ six drawers.

8. A: (Jean, study) _______ at the library every day?
B: No, _______. She (be) _____ usually at the student union.

9. A: (Alex, play) ______ pool every evening?
B: No, ________. He usually (study) ______ at the library.

10. A: (Ann, be) _______ a good pool player?
B: Yes, _______. She (play) _____ pool three or four times a week.

11. A: (You, know) _______ how to play pool?
B: Yes, _______. But I (be, not) _____ very good.

12. A: Let’s play sometime.
B: Okay. That sounds (like) _______ fun.










####Muhid####


















Part Four
Present Progressive Tense
A. Usage
We use the Present Progressive Tense to express an event, a situation, or an activity that is in progress (is occurring; is happening); right now. The event is in progress at the time the speaker is saying the sentence. The event began in the past, is in progress now, and will probably continue into the future.
Examples:
a. Ann can’t come to the phone right now because she is taking a shower.
b. It’s noon. I am watching television right now.
c. She is eating lunch at the canteen right now.
d. The baby is crying right now. Maybe it is hungry

B. Forms of Present Progressive

a) Affirmative/Statement
Structure: S – be - Verb I- ing

I am working
You are
We
They
He is working
She
It

b) Negative
Structure: S – be not - Verb I- ing

I am not
are not working
You
We
They
He is not working
She
It


c) Interrogative/Question
Structure: Be – S - Verb I- ing ?

Am I working ?
Are you
we
they
Is he working ?
she
it

Exercise 1. Complete the following sentences using the word within bracket!

1. Shhh! The baby (sleep) __ is sleeping___ right now.
2. Right now Ali (speak) _____ Arabic in class.
3. Our teacher (stand, not) _____ up right now.
4. Mary is at home. She (eat) _____ dinner with her family.
5. It (rain, not) ______ right now. The sun (shine) _____, and the sky (be) ___ blue.
6. Look out the window! It (rain)_____. I should take my umbrella.
7. Alice (sit) _____ at the breakfast table. She (read) _____ the morning newspaper..
8. There is a cartoon on TV, but the children (watch, not) _____ it. They (play) ____ with their toys instead.
9. Mr. Wong (teach) Chinese in class right now.
10. (Mr. Wong, teach) Chinese in class right now?
11. Look at there. Alex and Ann (be) _____ playing catch at the beach.
12. Listen! The teacher (read) a poem loudly.








C. Short-Answer Question

Question Short Answer Long Answer
Am I working ? Yes, I am.
No, I am not. Yes, I am working.
No, I am not working.
Are You Yes, you are.
No, you are not. Yes, you are working.
No, you are not working.
We Yes, we are.
No, we are not. Yes, we are working.
No, we are not working.
They Yes, they are.
No, they are not. Yes, they are working.
No, they are not working.
Is He Yes, he is.
No, he is not. Yes, he is working.
No, he is not working.
She Yes, she is.
No, she is not. Yes, she is working.
No, she is not working.
It Yes, it is.
No, it is not. Yes, it is working.
No, it is not working.
Note: Am, is, and are are not contracted with pronouns in short answer.


D. Non Progressive Verbs

Some verbs are not used in progressive tenses.
Example: - I hear a bird (right now).
- I’m hungry. I want a sandwich.
- This book belongs to Michael.

Some of the non progressive verbs:
hear know possess like
see be belong love
believe exist need hate
think* own want forget
understand have* prefer remember








*Sometimes think and have are used in progressive tenses.
Example: - I think that grammar is easy.
(When think means believe, it is non progressive)
- I am thinking about grammar right now.
(When think expresses thoughts that are going through a person’s mind, it can be progressive)
- Tom has a car.
(When have expresses possession, it is not used in present progressive)
- I am having about a good time.
(In certain idiomatic expression (e.g., have a good time), have can be used in the present progressive)

Exercise 2. Complete the following dialogues using the word within bracket!

1. A: (Mary, have) Is Mary having breakfast?
B: Yes, __she is__. She (have) __is having__ breakfast with her family.

2. A: (It, rain) _____ right now?
B: No, ________. We can go out now.

3. A: (The students, take) _______ a quiz right now?
B: No, _______. They (do) _______ an exercise.

4. A: (You, look) _______ for Alex?
B: Yes, _______. I want to talk to him now.

5. A: (Your father, fix) ________ the chair?
B: Yes, _______. He likes that job.

6. A: (Jean, study) _______ at the library right now?
B: No, _______. She (be) _____ at the student union.


7. A: (Alex, play) ______ pool right now?
B: No, ________. He (study) ______ at the library.

8. A: (Ann, play) _______ well in pool game?
B: Yes, _______..

9. A: (You, write) _______ a letter?
B: Yes, _______. I want to reply the letter from my friend.

10. A: (They, meet) ______?
B: Yes _______. I guess it’s about to finish.











####Muhid####

























Part Five
Simple Past Tense

A. Usage
We use the Simple Past Tense to express events, situations, or activities that began and ended in the past (e.g., yesterday, last night, two years ago, in 1966, etc.)
Examples:
a. It happened yesterday.
b. I watched that program on the television last week.
c. She ate lunch at the restaurant two days ago.
d. The sky was dark this morning.

B. Forms of Simple Past Tense

a) Affirmative/Statement
Structure: S – Verb II

I worked
You
We
They
He
She
It

b) Negative
Structure: S – did not - Verb I

I did not
(didn’t) work
You
We
They
He
She
It



c) Interrogative/Question
Structure: Did – S - Verb I

Did I work ?
you
we
they
he
she
it

Exercise 1. Complete the following sentences using the word within bracket!

1. The baby (cry) __cried___ so loud last night.
2. Ali (be) _____ a clever student two years ago. Now he is a success businessman.
3. My teacher (not, want) _____ to give us recourse. Let me try again to ask him now.
4. Mary (eat) _____ dinner with her family at the restaurant last night.
5. (Rain, it) ______ a lot in southern Lombok Island last year?
6. He (drink) ____ a cup of coffee this morning before he (go) ___ to work.
7. Alice (take, not) _____ the bus to school today. She (walk) _____ instead
8. I (have) sandwich and a cup of coffee for breakfast this morning.
9. Mr. Wong (teach) Chinese in our class last month.
10. ( Mr. Wong, teach) Chinese in our class last month?
11. Alex and Ann (like, not) _____ play catch at the beach. But now they do.
12. She (understand, not) ___this lesson at first. But now, she is the best among us.
13. I (write) _____ a letter to my parent yesterday.
14. Alex (see) _____ the announcement just now.











C. Short-Answer Question


Question Short Answer Long Answer
Did I work ? Yes, I did.
No, I did not (didn’t). Yes, I worked.
No, I did not (didn’t) work.
you Yes, you did.
No, you did not (didn’t). Yes, you are working.
No, you did not (didn’t) work.
we Yes, we did.
No, we did not (didn’t). Yes, we are working.
No, we did not (didn’t) work.
they Yes, they did.
No, they did not (didn’t). Yes, they are working.
No, they did not (didn’t) work.
he Yes, he did.
No, he did not (didn’t). Yes, he is working.
No, he did not (didn’t) work.
she Yes, she did.
No, she did not (didn’t). Yes, she is working.
No, she did not (didn’t) work.
it Yes, it did.
No, it did not (didn’t). Yes, it is working.
No, it did not (didn’t) work.
Was I busy ?
Yes, I was.
No, I was not. Yes, I was busy.
No, I was not (wasn’t) busy.
Were you Yes, you were.
No, you won’t. Yes, you were busy.
No, you won’t (weren’t) busy.
we Yes, we were.
No, we were not. Yes, we were busy.
No, we were not (weren’t) busy.
they Yes, they were.
No, they were not. Yes, they were busy.
No, they were not (weren’t) busy.
Was he Yes, he was.
No, he was not. Yes, he was busy.
No, he was not (wasn’t) busy.
she Yes, she was.
No, she was not. Yes, she was busy.
No, she was not (wasn’t) busy.
it Yes, it was.
No, it was not. Yes, it was busy.
No, it was not (wasn’t) busy.
Note: Did is not used with was and were.



Exercise 2. Complete the following dialogues using the word within bracket!

1. A: (Mary, watch) Did Mary watch the program on TV last night?
B: Yes, __she did__. She (watch) __ watched __ the program.

2. A: (He, walk) _______ to school this morning?
B: Yes, _______. He (walk) _____ together with his friends.

3. A: (You, study) _______ hard last night?
B: Yes, _______. I (study) _____ Structure I.

4. A: (The students, be) _______ busy yesterday?
B: Yes, _______. They (do) _______ an exercise.

5. A: (You, know) _______ Alex just now?
B: No, _______. I have never met him.

6. A: (Your desk, have) ________ any drawers yesterday?
B: Yes, _______. It (have) ________ six drawers.

7. A: (Jean, study) _______ at the library this morning?
B: No, _______. She (be) _____ at the student union.

8. A: (Alex, play) ______ pool two days ago?
B: No, ________. He (study) ______ at the library.

9. A: (Ann, be) _______ a good pool player before she got married?
B: Yes, _______. She (play) _____ pool three or four times a week at that time.

10. A: (You, climb) _______ last month?
B: Yes, _______. I (climb) _____ Rinjani Mountain.


D. Regular / Irregular Verbs
* The simple form is the form that is found in a dictionary. It is the base form with no endings on it (no final –s, -ed, or –ing).
* The simple past form is a form ends in –ed for regular verbs.
* Most verbs are regular, but many common verbs have irregular past forms.
Some regular and irregular verbs

Simple Form
(Verb I) Simple Past (Verb II)
Regular Verbs finish
stop
hope
wait
play
try
finished
stopped
hoped
waited
played
tried





Irregular Verbs see
make
sing
eat
put
go
begin
be
come
blow
do
drink
drive
fly
find
have
grow
feel
hear
saw
made
sang
ate
put
went
began
was, were
came
blew
did
drank
drove
flew
found
had
grew
felt
heard



Exercise 3. Complete the following sentences using simple past of the verbs within bracket!

1. Sue (drink) __drank___ a cup of coffee before class this morning.
2. We (eat) _____ a delicious dinner at Mexican restaurant last night.
3. When it (begin) ______ to rain yesterday afternoon, I (shut) _____all of the windows in the apartment.
4. I (read) _______ an interesting article in the newspaper yesterday.
5. Jack (lose) ______ his pocket-knife at park yesterday. This morning he (go) _____ back to the park to look for it. Finally he (find) ______ it in the grass. He was glad to have it back.
6. Jessica (do, not) _______ throw her old shoes away. She (keep) ________ them because they were comfortable.
7. I (meet) _____ Ann’s parents when they (visit) ______her. She (introduce) ______ me to them.
8. Yesterday I (call) ______ Jason on the phone. He (be, not) _____ home, so I (speak) ______ to his sister.
9. When I (take) ______ Tom to Suzy, they (shake) ______ hands and (smile) ____ each other.
10. John (hurt) _____ his finger when he (be) _____ fixing his dinner last night. He accidentally (cut) ______ it with a sharp knife.
11. (Do) ____ it rain last night?
12. (Be) _____ you student of ABA BG Mataram last year?






####Muhid####































Part Six
Past Progressive Tense



A. Usage
We use the Past Progressive Tense to express an event, a situation, or an activity that was in progress (was occurring; was happening); at a point of time in the past (e.g., at 06.30) or at the time of another action (e.g., when Tom came.).

Examples:
a. I was eating dinner when Tom came last night.
b. I was watching television when the phone rang..
c. When the baby was crying she was sleeping.
d. She was sleeping while the baby was crying.

B. Forms of Present Progressive


a) Affirmative/Statement
Structure: S – was/were - Verb I- ing

I was working
You were
We
They
He was working
She
It













b) Negative
Structure: S – wasn’t/weren’t - Verb I- ing

I was not working
You were not
We
They
He was not working
She
It

c) Interrogative/Question
Structure: Was/Were – S - Verb I- ing ?

Was I working ?
Were you
we
they
Was he working ?
she
it

C. Short-Answer Question
Question Short Answer Long Answer
Was I working ? Yes, I was.
No, I was not. Yes, I was working.
No, I was not working.
Were You Yes, you were.
No, you were not. Yes, you were working.
No, you were not working.
We Yes, we were.
No, we are not. Yes, we were working.
No, we were not working.
They Yes, they were.
No, they were not. Yes, they were working.
No, they were not working.
Was He Yes, he was.
No, he was not. Yes, he was working.
No, he was not working.
She Yes, she was.
No, she was not. Yes, she was working.
No, she was not working.
It Yes, it was.
No, it was not. Yes, it was working.
No, it was not working.




Exercise 1. Complete the following sentences using the word within bracket!

1. At 6:00 PM., Bob sat down at the table and began to eat. At 6:05, Bob (eat) __ was eating___ dinner.
2. While Bob (eat) _____ dinner, Ann (come) _______ through the door.
3. In other words, when Ann (come) ___ through the door, Bob (eat) ____ dinner..
4. Bob went to bed at 10:30. At 11:00 Bob (sleep) ________.
5. While Bob (sleep) _______, the phone (ring) _______.
6. In other words, when the phone (ring) ______ Bob (sleep) _______..
7. Bob left his house at 8:00 A.M. and (begin) ______ to walk to class. While he (walk) _______ to class, he (see) _______ Mrs. Smith.
8. When Bob (see) _______ Mrs. Smith, she (stand) ______ on her front porch. She (hold) _____ a broom. Mrs. Smith (wave) _______ at Bob when she (see) _______ him.
9. I (study) ______ when Fred (come) _______..
10. While I (study) _____ last night, Fred (drop by) ____ to visit me.
11. My roommate’s parents (call) ____ him last night while we (watch) ____ TV.
12. Yesterday I (go) ____ to visit my uncle. When I (get) _____ there around two o’clock, my uncle (be) ____ in the yard.








####Muhid####







Part Seven
Simple Future Tense

A. Usage
We use the Future Tense to express an event, a situation, or an activity that will happen at a one particular time in the future.
Examples:
a. It will snow tomorrow.
b. I will watch television tonight.
c. He will finish his work next week.
d. She is going to see her parents next holidays.

B. Forms of Present Progressive

a) Affirmative/Statement
Structure: S – will/be going to - Verb I

I
will / shall / am going to
come.
We
will / shall / are going to

You will / are going to
They
He will / is going to
She
It

Note: The use of shall with I or we to express future time is possible but uncommon in American English. Shall is used much more frequently in British than in American English.









b) Negative
Structure: S – won’t/be not going to - Verb I

I
will not (won’t) / shall not (shan’t) / am not going to
come.
We
will not (won’t) / shall not (shan’t) / are not (aren’t) going to

You will not (won’t) / are not (aren’t) going to
They
He will not (won’t) / is not (isn’t) going to
She
It



c) Interrogative / Question
Structure: Will/Shall/Be going to – S - Verb I ?

Will / Shall I come? Am I going to come?
we Are we
Will you you
they they
he Is he
she she
it it










C. Short-Answer Question

Question Short Answer Long Answer
Will / Shall I work? Yes, I will/shall.
No, I won’t/shan’t. Yes, I will/shall come.
No, I won’t/shan’t come.
we Yes, we will/shall.
No, we won’t/shan’t. Yes, we will/shall come.
No, we won’t/shan’t come.
Will you Yes, you will.
No, you won’t. Yes, you will come.
No, you won’t come.
they Yes, they will.
No, they won’t. Yes, they will come.
No, they won’t come.
he Yes, he will.
No, he won’t. Yes, he will come.
No, he won’t come.
she Yes, she will.
No, she won’t. Yes, she will come.
No, she won’t come.
it Yes, it will.
No, it won’t. Yes, it will come.
No, it won’t come.
Am I going to work? Yes, I am.
No, I am not. Yes, I’m going to come.
No, I’m not going to come.
Are we Yes, we are.
No, we are not. Yes, we are going to come.
No, we are not going to come.
you Yes, you are.
No, you are not. Yes, you are going to come.
No, you are not going to come.
they Yes, they are.
No, they are not. Yes, they are going to come.
No, they are not going to come.
Is he Yes, he is.
No, he is not. Yes, he is going to come.
No, he is not going to come.
she Yes, she is.
No, she is not. Yes, she is going to come.
No, she is not going to come.
it Yes, it is.
No, it is not. Yes, it is going to come.
No, it is not going to come.


Exercise 1. Complete the following sentences using will/shall/be going to!


1. A: Why did you buy this flour?
B: I ’m going to make some bread.

2. A: Could someone get me a glass of water?
B: Certainly, I will (‘ll)_ get you one. Would you like some ice in it?.


3. A: Could someone please open the window?
B: I ______ do it.

4. I arranged to borrow some money because I ________ buy a motorcycle tomorrow.

5. A: Can I borrow this book?
B: Sure. But I need it back soon.
A: I _______ return it tomorrow. Okay?

6. A: I _______ wear a dark suit to the wedding reception. How about you?
B: I’m not sure.


7. A: What are your vacation plans?
B: I _________ spend two weeks on a Greek island.
A: I _______ return it tomorrow. Okay?

8. A: Gee, I’d really like an ice cream cone, but I didn’t bring any money with me.
B: That’s okay. I _______ get one for you.
A: Thanks!

9. A: This letter is in French, and I don’t speak a word of French. Can you help me?
B: Sure. I (translate) _______ it for you.

10. A: Do you want to go shopping with me? ( I (go) _______ to the mall.
B: Sure. What time do you want to leave?

11. A: It’s cold here.
B: I agree. I (turn) _______ the heater on.
A: That’s good idea.

12. A: Oh, oh! I’ve spilled coffee on my shirt.
B: Just a minute. I (get) ________ a damp cloth for you.


####Muhid####









Part Eight
Future Progressive Tense

A. Usage
We use the Past Progressive Tense to express an event, a situation, or an activity that will be in progress at a point of time in the future.

Examples:
a. I will be eating dinner when Tom comes at eight.
b. At this time tomorrow, I will be watching television at home.
c. Don’t call at nine because I won’t be home. I am going to be studying at the library.
d. Don’t get impatient. She will be coming soon.

B. Forms of Present Progressive

a) Affirmative/Statement
Structure: S – will/be going to – be – verb I – ing

I
will / shall / am going to
be coming.
We
will / shall / are going to

You will / are going to
They
He will / is going to
She
It








b) Negative
Structure: S – won’t/be not going to – be– Verb I – ing.

I
won’t / shan’t / am not going to
be coming.
We
won’t / shan’t / are not going to

You won’t / are not going to
They
He won’t / is not going to
She
It




c) Interrogative / Question
Structure: Will/Shall/Be– S – going to – be – Verb I – ing?

Will / Shall I coming? Am I going to coming?
we Are we
Will you you
they they
he Is he
she she
it it












C. Short-Answer Question

Question Short Answer Long Answer
Will / Shall I be coming? Yes, I will/shall.
No, I won’t/shan’t. Yes, I will/shall be coming.
No, I won’t/shan’t be coming.
we Yes, we will/shall.
No, we won’t/shan’t. Yes, we will/shall be coming.
No, we won’t/shan’t be coming.
Will you Yes, you will.
No, you won’t. Yes, you will be coming.
No, you won’t be coming.
they Yes, they will.
No, they won’t. Yes, they will be coming.
No, they won’t be coming.
he Yes, he will.
No, he won’t. Yes, he will be coming.
No, he won’t be coming.
she Yes, she will.
No, she won’t. Yes, she will be coming.
No, she won’t be coming.
it Yes, it will.
No, it won’t. Yes, it will be coming.
No, it won’t be coming.
Am I going to be coming? Yes, I am.
No, I am not. Yes, I’m going to be coming.
No, I’m not going to be coming.
Are we Yes, we are.
No, we are not. Yes, we are going to be coming.
No, we are not going to be coming.
you Yes, you are.
No, you are not. Yes, you are going to be coming.
No, you are not going to be coming.
they Yes, they are.
No, they are not. Yes, they are going to be coming.
No, they are not going to be coming.
Is he Yes, he is.
No, he is not. Yes, he is going to be coming.
No, he is not going to be coming.
she Yes, she is.
No, she is not. Yes, she is going to be coming.
No, she is not going to be coming.
it Yes, it is.
No, it is not. Yes, it is going to be coming.
No, it is not going to be coming.









Exercise
Complete the following sentences!

1. Tomorrow at this time, I (attend) ________ class.

2. When I (get) _______ up tomorrow morning, the sun (shine) _____, the birds (sing) _______.

3. A: When do you leave for Florida?
B: Tomorrow. Just think. Two days from now ( (lie) _______ on the beach in the sun.
A: Sounds great! I (think) ______ about you.

4. A: How can I get in touch with you while you’re out of town?
B: I (stay) ________ at the Pilgrim Hotel. You can reach me there.

5. A: Next year at this time, I (do) _____ exactly what I am doing now. I ( attend) _________ school and (study) __________ hard next year.


6. A: Are going to be in town Saturday?
B: No, I (visit) _________ my aunt in Chicago.

7. (Stay) ___________ here in this evening?.

8. Don’t phone now, they (have) ________ lunch.

9. I (work) __________ all day tomorrow.

10. Prof. Smith (give) _______ another lecture at the same time next week.





####Muhid####





Exercises
(Summary)



I. Choose TRUE or FALSE of the following sentences!

Ex.: He were in the room all day long yesterday.
> False. (wrong to be)

They go to school by bus everyday.
> True.


1. Alex will came here next week. _____
2. Jim wasn’t work yesterday. ______
3. When are you finish your work? _______
4. My sister’s plane will arrive at 10:35. ______
5. Does Prof. Syarifudin teaching that course? ______
6. Cat likes milk. ______
7. The teacher will going to explain the lesson. _______
8. Ali is speaking English everyday. _______
9. The cup fell to the floor. _______
10. Are you listening to me? _______



II. Make sentences using the following verbs and tenses!

Examples: a. (climb/next week)
I am going to climb Mt. Rinjani next week. Or
They will climb Mt. Rinjani next week.

b. (not work/today)
He doesn’t work today. Or
I don’t work today.








1. (make/last Sunday)
……………………………………
2. (angry/last night)
……………………………………
3. (write/now)
……………………………………
4. (wait/for two hours)
…………………………………..
5. (kill/a week ago)
…………………………………..


III. Complete the following sentences!

Example: Shhh! The baby (sleep) is sleeping. The baby (sleep) sleeps for ten hours every night.

1. Ali (speak) __________ Indonesian. Indonesian is his native, but right now he (speak) _________ English.
2. Right now I’m in class. I (sit) __________ at my desk. I usually (sit) ________ at the same desk everyday.
3. I will (come) ______________ to the English class tomorrow.
4. John (finish) ___________ his work two hours ago.
5. I (eat) ___________ breakfast this morning.
6. She will (succeed) ____________ because she works hard.
7. Jim (have) ___________ already (eat) _____________ breakfast.
8. Adam (have) ___________ been (sit) _____________ here for 45 minutes.
9. I (be) _________ in Europe last year.
10. He (be) ________ going to buy that book next week.
11. I arranged to borrow some money because I ________ buy a motorcycle tomorrow.

12. A: Can I borrow this book?
B: Sure. But I need it back soon.
A: I _______ return it tomorrow. Okay?
13. A: I _______ wear a dark suit to the wedding reception. How about you?
B: I’m not sure.

14. A: What are your vacation plans?
B: I _________ spend two weeks on a Greek island.
A: I _______ return it tomorrow. Okay?
13. I (read) _______ an interesting article in the newspaper yesterday.
14. Jack (lose) ______ his pocket-knife at park yesterday. This morning he (go) _____ back to the park to look for it. Finally he (find) ______ it in the grass. He was glad to have it back.
15. Jessica (do, not) _______ throw her old shoes away. She (keep) ________ them because they were comfortable.
16. I (meet) _____ Ann’s parents when they (visit) ______her. She (introduce) ______ me to them.
17. Yesterday I (call) ______ Jason on the phone. He (be, not) _____ home, so I (speak) ______ to his sister.
18. A: Can I borrow this book?
B: Sure. But I need it back soon.
A: I _______ return it tomorrow. Okay?




####Muhid####